Aimaraism: The Aimara in southern Peru under the lens of empirical historical evidence and linguistics. A nation that never existed.

Currently, Peruvian society is experiencing a phenomenon of revalorization of the identity of the pre-viceroyalty, that is, the pre-Inca cultures; Aymarism is also part of this process of “re-elaboration”. Nevertheless, there are historical and archaeological elements that can reformulate the identity created by these Andean settlers of South America, especially those of southern Peru. In the territory of the southern Andes of Peru and the current republics of Argentina, Bolivia and Chile, both historical and archaeological evidence and linguistic archaeology contradict this narrative of “the Aymara”. This evidence transgresses the Aymara dialectic, breaking the narrative basis of a sociocultural origin in the extreme south of the western Andes of South America. In this sense, this research aims to answer the following questions ¿What is Aymara, What is Aymaraism, and where did it originate?, demonstrating through research the inconsistency between the Aymara dialectic and the empirical historical data.