Long-term Energy System Modelling for a Clean Energy Transition and Improved Energy Security in Botswana’s Energy Sector using OSeMOSYS (Open-Source Energy Modelling System)

Botswana currently depends on fossil fuels and imports for its electricity generation, which has given rise to issues of carbon emissions and unstable electricity supply due to conditions in neighbouring countries. Over the last few years, renewable energy penetration has grown, but not to the extent that is required to achieve decarbonisation and energy security. Conducting robust modelling analyses to explore potential and practical alternatives in the energy mix is crucial for providing essential information to key stakeholders involved in energy policy decision-making. The challenge lies in the requirement for a significant amount of data to accurately model diverse energy pathways on a national scale. Thus, this data note aims to fill the current data gap by supplying crucial information on input data and assumptions necessary for long-term energy planning in Botswana. The article details historical and/or projected data pertaining to electricity generation and consumption, electricity imports and exports, fuel prices, emissions, refineries, power transmission and distribution, electricity generation technologies, as well as renewable energy potential and reserves for the years 2015 to 2050. While the data is country-specific, it is primarily technology-based making it applicable to other countries. The article outlines various sources, assumptions, and modelling guidelines, aiming to assist in the development of new datasets. This dataset contributes to the accessibility of energy-related information for policymakers, stakeholders, and researchers, benefiting not only Botswana but also other developing countries.