Global Fractional Quantization of Particle Multiplets:A Unified Framework under Gauge Constraints and Implications for Composite Weak Bosons

22 December 2025, Version 2
This content is an early or alternative research output and has not been peer-reviewed by Cambridge University Press at the time of posting.

Abstract

This paper introduces and rigorously develops a novel theoretical framework termed Global Fractional Quantization (GFQ). The core phenomenon is the quantization of collective, multiplet wide sums of specific observables (e.g., rest mass, magnetic moment), which form discrete, simple rational ratios with other characteristic physical scales. The framework is exhaustively validated against the Particle Data Group 2025 review. The results reveal a profound and stratified physical picture: composite hadrons (mesons and baryons) obey simple linear mass sums with corrections of order α/(4π), characteristic of one-loop electromagnetic radiative effects. The weak boson system mirrors this composite pattern but withan α-order correction, posing a significant question about a possible common origin or composite nature for the W and Z bosons. In contrast, fundamental leptons satisfy a unique, non-linear constraint with a (α/π)2 correction, aligning with expectations for fundamental fermions.The GFQframeworkrepresents a principled extension of quantization concepts from individual particles to collective systems. It provides a new, unified lens for interpreting particle spectra,offers a stringent organizational principle for hadron multiplets, and poses concrete, testable questions for physics beyond the Standard Model, most notably regarding the fundamental versus composite nature of the electroweak gauge bosons.

Keywords

global quantization
fractional quantization
U(N) multiplets
composite particles
weak bosons
Higgs boson
meson octet
baryon octet
lepton masses
Mass Space Symmetry
Global Excitations
PDG Data.

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