Proposed framework on Collatz conjecture

03 July 2026, Version 1
This content is an early or alternative research output and has not been peer-reviewed by Cambridge University Press at the time of posting.

Abstract

We develop an in-depth residue-class representation of the arithmetic behaviors observed within Collatz-type tables as well as their linked structures based on two prime numbers. We use this approach to differentiate between the dynamics of the open problem with respect to exact congruences which can be formally demonstrated. As such, the proposed framework provides an explicit diagnostic tool for the study of Collatz-type problems.

Keywords

Collatz conjecture
residue classes
twin primes

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