Euler products from abstract prime systems and rigidity

03 July 2026, Version 2
This content is an early or alternative research output and has not been peer-reviewed by Cambridge University Press at the time of posting.

Abstract

We introduce an abstract notion of prime system (a purely structural concept that captures factorisation without reference to ordinary integers) and construct an associated system Euler product. The scalar differential equation of the rigidity programme is lifted to a Banach‑space setting, and the role of the non‑homogeneous term $\eta$ is played by a piecewise‑linear profile derived from the counting function of the abstract integers. For a normal operator $W$ with positive real part, the functional $\mu_\eta(W)$ is expressed through an system zeta function, which admits an Euler product indexed by the abstract primes. Inverting this relation yields a direct link between the Euler product and $\mu_\eta(W)$, providing a tool for analysing the rigidity criterion $\mathcal{L}_\eta(W,\theta)\neq 0$. The framework is general enough to encompass classical Beurling primes, graph‑theoretic prime nodes, or any factorisation semi‑group.

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Comment number 1, Walid OUKIL: Jul 03, 2026, 19:02

Philosophical Idea: One of the perspectives consists in interpreting classical set theory as a special case of a more general framework of generated systems satisfying a rigidity property. The rigidity property, introduced in this preprint, leads to considering Zermelo-Fraenkel sets as trivial realizations of this general theory.