Black Holes, Dark Energy, Dark Matter, Stars: Mysteries in the Cycle of Universe

31 August 2026, Version 1
This content is an early or alternative research output and has not been peer-reviewed by Cambridge University Press at the time of posting.

Abstract

Having summarized the data relating to black hole, dark matter, and dark energy, we study the phenomenon of energy in its various forms (mechanical, gravitational, electrical, chemical, nuclear, radiant) and its transfers, until we recognize it as the foundation of the universe. Energy itself has no mass but is subject to the force fields that inject it into various forms and transformations. Therefore, the black hole, with its powerful gravity, is nothing more than a millstone that grinds bodies and radiation, such as light, to reduce them to their minimum component, pure energy, which, being massless, is not subject to gravity. The cosmic millstone attracts and demolishes everything with mass, releasing energy that, freed from gravity, expands into empty space. Thus, black holes are seen as commutators of ordinary matter (radiation, particles, bodies, and stars) into dark energy, which is abundant and partly passes into dark matter made up of neutrinos or similar minute particles, which, when added together, generate ordinary matter. The analogy and easy transition from radiation to particle—that is, from a straight to a coiled filament of electric charges and vice versa—are confirmed. Immaterial nature of energy is confirmed, with its evaporation replacing Hawking radiation. These phenomena, though barely known, may be part of the vast matter/energy cycle through which the universe is transforming.

Keywords

Millstones of Cosmos
Energy
Black Hole Evaporation
Dark Matter and Energy
Matter/Energy Cycle of the Universe

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