A Conceptual ESP32-Based Space Weather Monitoring System for Investigating Solar Wind and Geomagnetic Variations

This paper proposes a conceptual architecture for a low-cost, ESP32-based space weather monitoring system. The framework would combine publicly available solar wind measurements with geomagnetic reference data and, in a future prototype, local magnetometer observations. The principal solar wind inputs are plasma speed, proton number density, and the southward component of the interplanetary magnetic field. The planetary Kp index would provide contextual information on geomagnetic activity. The ESP32 is proposed as a data-logging and preliminary-processing node, while a host computer would perform the main statistical and spectral analyses. Planned methods include normalized cross-correlation, event-based comparisons, and Fourier analysis, with explicit attention to data quality, sampling cadence, and propagation-time conventions. No hardware prototype, numerical response simulation, or observational analysis is presented. The contribution is therefore a system design and validation plan for educational investigations of solar wind–magnetosphere coupling, rather than a demonstration of monitoring performance or predictive capability.