The optimal eigenvalue count in Aubry's spectral sphere theorem for dimensions at least four

23 September 2026, Version 1
This content is an early or alternative research output and has not been peer-reviewed by Cambridge University Press at the time of posting.

Abstract

For every n≥4, we determine the least number of positive Laplace eigenvalues whose pinching above the Lichnerowicz bound forces sphere topology under Ric_g≥(n−1)g. This number is n, for both homeomorphism and diffeomorphism, also in the simply connected class. At every sufficiently small prescribed positive volume V, a fixed simply connected nonspherical manifold with second homology ℤ² admits a smooth family for which the first n−1 positive eigenvalues tend to n, while the nth remains uniformly separated from n. The geometric input is a fixed-volume degeneration of core-admissible doubles from a preceding paper. Applying it also to the sphere, and using measured spectral convergence, gives families on nonhomeomorphic manifolds, with the same fixed volume and Ricci lower bound, for which every scalar Laplace eigenvalue has the same limit. Their common metric-measure limit is S^(n−2)*S¹_(2πq), where q=V/σₙ and σₙ=Vol(S^n, g_(S^n)). For q=1/m, m≥2, we identify its canonical Laplacian with the invariant round-sphere Laplacian and compute all multiplicities: ∑_(ℓ≥0) a_ℓ t^ℓ = (1+t^m)/((1−t)^(n−1)(1−t^m)), μ_ℓ=ℓ(ℓ+n−1). When q=1/m is sufficiently small and m≥3, the nth positive eigenvalue tends to 2(n+1). All families have constant volume density and a uniform positive lower bound on the volumes of unit balls.

Keywords

Spectral geometry
Ricci curvature
MSC 2020: 58J50
MSC 2020: 53C20
MSC 2020: 53C21
MSC 2020: 53C23

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