Integral invariants of reduced plumbing graphs

23 September 2026, Version 1
This content is an early or alternative research output and has not been peer-reviewed by Cambridge University Press at the time of posting.

Abstract

An algebraic plumbing graph determines an integral trilinear form, a parity class, and a Pontryagin linear form. We prove rank-two rigidity and show that uniqueness fails first in rank three. For each fixed rank r≥5, the numbers of connected reduced spin presentations are unbounded as the invariant system varies, even with nonzero labels and primitive normalized Pontryagin form. Coprime factorizations of an odd integer N>1 give 2^(ω(N)−1) distinct reduced classes in one fibre. For each N, these graphs present a single oriented diffeomorphism class of six-manifolds admitting positive Ricci curvature. At fixed rank, varying N gives pairwise nonisomorphic graded integral cohomology rings and a common rational homotopy type. They are indecomposable as connected sums and are not sphere-bundle total spaces with positive-dimensional base and fibre. In arbitrary rank, the restricted ambient Euclidean form, together with the trilinear form and parity class, recovers the reduced presentation. The Pontryagin form is then redundant. The proof recovers coordinate covectors from the Voronoi cell and the forest from their closed circuits. For reduced spin graphs with nonzero integer labels, the fifth-order coordinate moment alone also recovers the reduced class.

Keywords

Plumbing graphs
Differential topology
MSC 2020: 57R19
MSC 2020: 57R20
MSC 2020: 11E76
MSC 2020: 05B35
MSC 2020: 53C21

Supplementary weblinks

Comments

Comments are not moderated before they are posted, but they can be removed by the site moderators if they are found to be in contravention of our Commenting and Discussion Policy [opens in a new tab] - please read this policy before you post. Comments should be used for scholarly discussion of the content in question. You can find more information about how to use the commenting feature here [opens in a new tab] .
This site is protected by reCAPTCHA and the Google Privacy Policy [opens in a new tab] and Terms of Service [opens in a new tab] apply.